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考研英语达到 80 分是个什么概念?什么感觉?
- 作者:147小编
- 发布时间:2024-06-16
- 点击:22
背景:考研英语一80+ 英语四级 607 英语六级 510
考研英语突破技巧指南
全是干货!全是干货!全是干货!
提高50分!提高50分!提高50分!
复习重点:
1.单词学习
2.长难句
3.阅读理解
4.翻译
5.作文
6.字典(强烈推荐牛津高阶Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary,OALD)
考研过程中的很多词汇有很多意思,而考研往往考偏僻的、不常见的意思,牛津字典里面对每个词汇的含义都有详细的中英文解释,而且还有例句,非常实用。
一本在手,万事无忧!

7.真题和笔记本
通过做真题,我们可以积累实战经验,最大程度地接近和了解出题人的想法和意图。真题中的很多知识点会反复考察,这在以往的真题中得到了证实。对于做错的真题和真题中不认识的词汇、熟悉词汇的偏僻意思要好好记在笔记本上,反复朗读,效果奇佳。
单词学习
大量背,反复记,考研英语词汇反复5遍。只打坚灭战,不打持久战,1个月内背完
给词汇作标记,书是越读越薄的,7天(一周)把词汇翻一遍
遵循记忆规律,早上和晚上是记忆的黄金时间,早上起床后与午睡之前,午睡后与晚上睡觉之前是记忆的黄金时间
单词的正确学习
1.第一类词汇:“黑色词汇”也可以叫做“形同陌路”或称之为“崭新词汇”
2.第二类词汇:“白色词汇”也可以叫做“一见如故”或称之为“熟悉词汇”
3.第三类词汇:“灰色词汇”也可以叫做“模糊词汇”
单词词汇的学习一定包括三个方面:
1. 必考词义
文艺复兴 Renaissance
达芬奇 Leonardo Da Vinci
但丁Dentin
edge 优势 gain the competitive edge
unseemly 不雅的,不得体的 unethical 不道德的
decent 体面的
school:Chicago school 芝加哥学派
fashion:推广 fashion the policy
cause 事业 great cause
intelligence 情报 native intelligence天生智力
intellect 知识,知识分子
intellectualism 崇尚知识
Collective stewardship集体管理
Competitive job market充满竞争的就业市场
Financial institutions金融机构
Gross National Product国民生产总值
Meet the challenges 迎接挑战
Public authorities公共机构
Regulatory mechanism 法规机制
The threshold of our transition into the new millenmum跨越新千年的门槛
UNCHS (United Nations Centre for Human Settlements)联合国人居中心
Urban residents 城市居民
Well-serviced formal city服务齐全的高尚城市
开源与节流并重broaden sources of income &reduce expenditure
对外贸易港口seaport for foreign trade
国内生产总值National Gross Products
欢聚一堂merrily gather
活跃的经济带vigorous economic region
基础雄厚solid foundation
留下最美好的印象may you have a most pleasant impression
盛世the grand occasio综合性商港comprehensive commercial seaport
春意盎然spring is very much in the air
forest coverage森林覆盖率
global warming全球变暖
principal element主要因素
toxic emission废气排放
迸发出心灵的火花ignite the sparks of understanding
建立合作桥梁build the bridge for cooperation
内容翔实substantial in content
能源大省major province of energy
日程紧凑tight in schedule
call upon 号召
conservation benefits节水的好处
industrial reuse and recycling工业中水利用
pollution fines 污染罚款
urban water conservation城市节水
water saving fixtures节水装置
地区经济regional economic
港口经营多元化diversification in port operation
责任和义务perform our duties and fulfill our obligations
地区行业盛会a well-known regional event of the industry
发起港initiating ports
break free 冲破藩篱
civil society民间团体
ethnic lines种族
genuine partnership真正的合作伙伴
squatter settlements 违章建筑区
without access to 享受不到
畅所欲言open dialogues
计划经济的束缚the bounding of planning economy
紧迫问题pressing issues
科教兴省和走可持续发展的道路vitalize the province by science and technology and sustainable development
空前膨胀unprecedentedly inflated
控制增长势头curb the trend of steep rise
面临严峻挑战face severe challenges
清醒地看到acutely aware
生态恶化ecological deterioration
提高意识strengthen the awareness
2. 同义替换(重点关注观点词,因果词,否定词)
precision=accuracy
mind=people=individual
implication=connatation=suggestion=reference
3. 短语搭配
middle-brow 中档 low-brow 低档
high-brow 关于正统思想文化艺术感兴趣的格调高档的报纸,趣味高雅的读者
to the letter 不折不扣地,忠实地 worn out 精疲力尽 pink slip 解雇通知单
单词学习用书和资料
1.《考研英语词汇 词根+联想记忆法》(红宝书、绿皮书)
俞敏洪 群言出版社
红宝书、绿皮书任选其一,红宝书按照单词顺序排列,绿皮书乱序
2.《考研词汇速记指南》
刘一男 中国时代经济出版社
3.刘一男5500词汇新版第1—80讲(结合视频、书籍复习效果最佳)
刘一男发明的词根记忆法,十分值得推荐
记单词记一串
abandon vt. 放纵;放弃
a band 布带
a-前缀:否定
band n. 条,带;一群,一伙;乐队;波段 v. 缚,绑扎
bandage 邦迪 n. 绷带 v. 用绷带扎缚
husband n. 丈夫
ban v. 取缔,查禁 n.禁令
banner n. 旗(帜)
band 布带
bend 弯曲
4.考研英语大纲词汇排查文档
5.《考研英语必考词汇突破全书》
何凯文 中国时代经济出版社
6.何凯文考研英语词汇高分讲义
单词记忆的方法
(一)联想法的前世和今生
音:slit 撕裂、撕开 pest 害虫 charlatan 杀了他 江湖庸医 Dodge 躲避
Beacon 必坑 信号灯 abyss 俺必死 万丈深渊
义:Adamant 亚当 Adam 蚂蚁 ant 坚硬的东西;坚石
场景:Strap 绳子袋子,捆起来,扎起来; Enigma 谜; Nirvana涅槃乐队
对比联想:roe/rue(鱼卵、后悔)
hue/hew(色泽、砍伐)
discreet/discrete(谨慎的、不连续的)
ingenuous/ingenious (诚实的真诚的、天才的)
(二)单词进化法
三大核心原则破解词汇密码
一.元音(a,e,i,o,u,y)可以互换
1. 单个元音字母的互换
begin began begun
aperture裂缝 apart+ure
2. 元音字母组合的互换
baton警棍,打击 beat+on
3. 元辅字母组合的互换
Florence佛罗伦萨 Florida 佛罗里达Flower花
二. 辅音字母的转化
stand - sdand t- d
spin - sbin p- b
sky - sgy k- g
cool - kool c- k
design - dezign s- z
三.音的脱落和转换
arduous努力的,艰巨的 实质上是harduous 中h脱落
7.何凯文那些熟悉的陌生人(熟悉词汇的特殊意思)
1.weigh v.考虑,权衡
2.nurture n./v. 养育,教育,教养(后天的)
3.young a.没经验的
4.negative n. 负数;(摄影)底片
5.skeleton n.框架;梗概,提要
8.《英语词汇的奥秘》
这本书是刘一男词根记忆法的升级版,有时间的同学可以看看
蒋争 中国国际广播出版社
长难句
1.《考研英语阅读基本功难句过关》
王若平、于世敬 航空工业出版社
2.《文都教育——考研英语长难句解密》
何凯文 中国原子能出版社
3.关注何凯文QQ576728297,每日一句
何凯文老师每一天都对每一句作了详尽的单词、语法、结构等分析,俗话说得好,书读百遍,其义自见,日积月累中,便能对复杂的长难句有所掌握。
这项任务类似于打卡,每天都要提醒你复习,每天都能看到研友们的努力和相互鼓励,利在千秋!
强烈推荐何凯文!
强烈推荐何凯文!
强烈推荐何凯文!

英文句子阅读的实际过程是什么?
英文☞mind☞中文
Kevin is a good student who is studying in the BFSU.
凯文是一个在北外读书的好学生
在实现这两句转化的时候会遇到词义的障碍,也会遇到语序的障碍
英中文转化过程中在句子层面的障碍
1.语义(词汇)的障碍
2.语序的障碍
句子可以是这样的:There is something by reason of which man is man.
①There is something. ②Man is man by reason of (因为)which this thing.
世间存在一种东西,人之所以是人,就是这种东西。
英语句子的分类:
简单句和非简单句
简单句的定义: 只含有一套主谓结构的句子
简单句没有障碍的情况:
1.主语+谓语 2. 主语+谓语+宾语 3. 主语+谓语+双宾语 4. 主语+谓语+宾语+宾补
5.主语+系+表语 (表语为形容词时候,表语又可以称作主语补足语)
William ,do you take Jerry for your lawful wife, to have and to hold, from this day forward, for better, for worse, for richer, for poorer, in sickness and in health, until death do part you ?
简单句的障碍来源:(问题在于识别和处理)
1. 定语 2. 同位语 3. 插入语 4. 状语










处理:从连接词处切分(或前或后)












阅读理解
前期复习读文章读三遍
第一遍:通读全文,争取在有语言障碍的情况下大致把握文章的大意,阅读的时候可以标出有问题的地方
第二遍:集中清除障碍,尤其是那些影响你把握全文主题的关键障碍
第三遍:最后再通读全文,及中文翻译
阅读理解的文体一般是议论文,注意论点和论据,题材一般分为四类
一、商业经济类
二、社会科学类(法律、传播、社会问题)
三、历史文化类(教育、历史、文学)
四、科普类议论(医学、心理学、科技发展)
精读时要注意:单词,句子,结构,我们的任务1:
一、没有一个不认识的单词,且能理解单词在文中的准确意思
二、没有一个读不懂的句子,且能流畅地翻译为中文
三、没有一篇文章不能抓住其主体,且能理解各段间的关系
阅读A,4分一题105分钟至60分钟完成,15分钟至25分钟一篇文章
阅读B,15至20分钟;阅读C,15至20分钟;完形填空:0至20分钟
一、阅读题干,确定题型,推测论题
二、通读全文,把握重点,确定论点(作者的论点,首尾段,段落首尾句,指代,转折,观点)
三、再读题干,回文定位,同义替换(表达方式不同但最接近的选项)
四、比对选项,合理排除,找出最佳
我们的任务2:
1.能确定每个题目的类型
2.能确定每个题目在原文中的对应
3.能确定每个题目的解题思路
我们的任务3:
1.没有一个选项不知道为什么对或错
2.没有一个选项不知道其特征
阅读重要思维:
1.回文定位 2.同义替换 3.主题为王
阅读理解需要注意信息的处理:
1.句间关系 2.段落主题 3.段落关系 4.主题
原文需要注意的地方:
1.单词
2.句子(主干、断句)
3.句子间的关系(承接、并列、支持、转折)
4.段落主题(首末句、转折)
5.段落间关系(承接、并列、支持、转折)
6.文章结构(线性结构,层层递进,扇状结构,伞状结构,现象—解释,问题—解决)
7.全文主题(论题:对象;论点:对于对象的结论)
题干
1.主题题
2.例证题
3.推理题
4.细节题(1.事实识别:定位词 2.因果识别:因果词 3.观点识别:观点词)
5.词汇题(字面意思、语境意思)
6.态度题(全文态度,局部态度)
选项分为:
1.正确选项 2.错误选项 3.最佳选项
正确选项特征:
1.关键词替换(同义词替换,上下义替换)
2.取非替换
正反取非:may,might,possobly,likely,unlikely
比例取非:总量不变,构成不变,此消彼长
虚拟取非:should
时间取非:时间前后,事实相反,观点相反
错误选项特征:
一、视觉干扰
分析选项的主干成分(主、谓、宾)将其与原文一一对应,找出错误选项的错误点
偷梁换柱,无中生有,移花接木
二、逻辑错误
1.因果错误(因果混淆、因果倒置、强加因果)
2.比较错误( 比较内容、比较对象、结果)
3.否定错误(偷换否定对象、否定对象不能被偷换、不能被扩大,否定在原文中是否存在)
最佳选项的特征:
1.与主题相关的优先考虑,优先成为最佳选项(与论点一致)主题为王
2.主题判断无效(都相关,都无关)找出最深刻的选项
3.去非选项>关键词替换选项
阅读理解用书和资料
1.《阅读同源外刊时文精析》
何凯文编著的此书大量选取国外权威级别期刊、杂志上的热点文章、实事新闻,每篇文章都有中文翻译、词汇讲解。由于其紧跟社会热点,常常命中真题。
何凯文 中国时代经济出版社
2.《考研英语真题解析和复习思路》(黄皮书)
黄皮书对于每篇阅读理解的文章都有详尽准确的中文翻译,对于某些重点长难句还有句型结构分析,对于重点词汇也有讲解,强烈推荐。
曾鸣、张剑、廖婧芸 世界图书出版社
3.《考研英语阅读思路解析》
何凯文编著的此书对于阅读的方方面面都做了抽丝剥茧地分析,看完之后对于阅读解题思路和方法会有新的理解和体悟,醍醐灌顶,分数能够得到显著提高。
何凯文 中国时代经济出版社
翻译(准确、通顺)
直接读句子
翻译的解题步骤
第一步:通读全句,确定主干,划分意群(保证理解的正确性)
第二步:选择词义,调整句序,适当加工(保证表达的正确性)
切分:关联词;介词;不定式to;分词(ing,ed)短语;标点符号(,—)
一、对于词的处理‘
1.词义的选择(语境)
动词+名词;形容词+名词;副词+形容词
2.增词的译法
impulse for unification追求统一的冲动
technology of behavior
①翻译介词短语时,可以增加动词
The park is beautiful
②翻译形容词时增加程度副词
Indeed,the reverse is true
confusion混乱局面 modification调整方案
remidies补救措施 reverse相反的情况
③翻译抽象名词的时候增加具体名词
这些、各种 causes 种种原因
3.减词的译法
①代词是可以省去的
②一些同具有动词含义的名词相搭配的动词可以不翻译
give,make,come,go,take,get,pay,become
4.词性的转换
英语中的名词、形容词转换为中文中的动词
5.词组的掌握
at the ouset 一开始 jump to the rescue 匆匆加入
take root 扎根于 a sort of 某种 in......terms 就......方面而言
6.对于代词的处理
①可以直译为对应的中文(通顺)
②找到指代的对象(名词)翻译为名词对应的中文
7.对于人名的处理(地名)
①遵照习惯:Newton 牛顿
②按照音译:pearson
③万不得已直接抄英文
练习:94~至今 所有翻译题目中的句子写出中文
二、对于句子成分的处理
1.同位语从句
可以单独成句,置于句首;也可以翻译为“也就是说”
2.定语从句
前置:当定语从句结构简单,信息负载量不大
后置(单独成句):从句,信息量大,结构复杂
多个定语:A of B of C 切分后按照语义排序
3.对于形式主语的处理
It is reported that......据报道
It is obvious that......很明显
翻译固定词组,放置于句首
It is important that......重要的是
4.状语的处理(从句)
①状语的位置不固定,主语后,动词前,时间在前,地点在后
②状语从句常常可以直接翻译,建议:将时间、条件、让步、原因翻译到主句前
5.插入语的处理
主谓结构做插入语时,置于句首
6.There be句型的处理
①把英语中的状语翻译为汉语的主语 There is a pencil on the hill
②增加“人们,大家,我们”泛指主语
There is no agreement 人们没有达成共识
③翻译为汉语的无主句(有、出现、存在、将出现......)
There will be a warm winter
7.被动的处理
①翻译为汉语的主动句
⑴保留原文主语
⑵主宾颠倒
⑶增加主语
When rust is formed,a chemical change has taken place
Heat and light can be given off by this chemical change
The numerical data concerned are provided in the next chapter
This issue has not been thoroughly explored
②翻译为汉语中的无主句
③翻译为被动句
“被、受、遭、让、给、把、得到、受到、加以、得以、为......所、由......来”等
No larger alterations to the economy are made,because our economy,but for the
occasional bump in the road, is fundamentally sound.
8.省略的处理,并列引起省略,将省略部分补齐再进行翻译
9.对于比较的处理
10.观点词的翻译
believe(相信、认为) claim(声称、宣称) assert(断言) maintain(维持、保持、坚持认为、主张) set(陈述、认为) depict(描述、说明) prove(证明)
demonstrate(说明、表明) validate(证明、证实) contend(坚持说) point out (指出)
as sb. put it(正如某人所指出、提出) be convinced that(相信、确信)accept(接受)
acquire(获得、获取) add(补充、说明) account(认识、说明)
比较结构
①As......as 与......一样
While there are almost as many definitions of history as there are historians, modern practice most closely conforms to one that sees history as the attempt to recreate and explain the significant events of the past.
解析:
可拆分为:While there are almost as many definitions of history //as there are historians, // modern practice most closely conforms to one // that sees history //as the attempt to recreate and explain the significant events of the past.
主句:modern practice most closely conforms to one;从句:让步状语从句While there are almost as many definitions of history as there are historians;比较状语从句as there are historians;定语从句that sees history as the attempt to recreate and explain the significant events of the past修饰one。主干结构是While there are almost as... as there are... +主句,While引导让步状语从句,此句与汉语句序复合汉语习惯未作调整,仍放于主句前。从句中as... as结构是比较级,这句话直译为“有多少历史学家,就有多少关于历史的定义。
参考译文:几乎每个历史学家对史学都有自己的界定,但现代史学家的实践最趋向于认为,历史学是试图旅游管理考研重现过去的重大史实并对其作出解释。
②not so much......否定 as......肯定
Science moves forward, they say, not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tool.
解析:
第一、句子可以拆分为三段:Science moves forward, they say, / not so much through the insights of great men of genius / as because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tool.
第二、句子主干结构是:not so much through... as because of...与其……倒不如……
因为not so much... as是个并列结构,也就是说so和as后面应该两个词的意思应该相同,所以多义介词through的意思应该等于because of因为,由于。
第三、词的处理:
the insights of great men of genius是后面带定语的名词短语结构,后置定语的顺序应该在汉语翻译中应该倒过来,即从后往前翻译为:天才伟人的真知灼见。
more ordinary things like improved techniques and tool这是结构是介词like短语做定语修饰中心词more ordinary things,也是先翻译定语,再翻译中心词:像改进了的技术和工具等更为普通的东西。
they say插入语,按照汉语习惯,翻译时放在句首。
参考译文:他们说,科学的发展与其说源于天才伟人的真知灼见,不如说源于改进了的技术和工具等更为普通的东西。
③ less and more“与其说…不如说…”“主要是…其次…”
Interest in historical methods has arisen less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves.
解析:
句子的框架是:Interest(in historical methods)has arisen less through A and more from B,这里的less和more便暗含一种轻重,或者说主次关系,即主要由于B,其次由于A。译为“主要是因为…,其次是因为…”。这里的historical methods是指关于历史研究的治学之道,直译作“历史的方法”显然不够达意。另外要注意对external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline的理解翻译,challenge意为“挑战,不认同”,后面紧跟一介词to引导的定语来修饰它。可译为“对历史作为一门学科的正确性提出质疑”。
参考译文:人们之所以关注历史研究的方法论,主要是因为历史界内部意见不一,其次是因为外界并不认为历史是一门学问。
④not so......as......并不像和......一样
Its not so easy as in dealing with adults
⑤rather than 而不是 (肯前否后)
Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person.
句子结构的分析:Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions (as the special preserve of lawyers), rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person. 其中主干结构是legal learning has been viewed as...rather than...。view...as中间插入的介词词组in such institutions是状语,但such institutions的含义要到前一句中去找,指的是“Canadian universities”。本句是动名词短语做主语,谓语部分是现在完成时的被动语态结构,这些都是理解句义必须要注意到的。
完整译文: 传统观点认为,在这种机构(加拿大的高等学府)中,法律的学习一直被看作是律师们的专门工作,而不是一个受过良好教育的人所必需的知识储备。
⑥not less ......than 一样,同样
Want of care will not less ruin the good man than the man of lax morals. 因为缺乏检点,放荡者身败名裂,好人亦复如此。
The technique of writing is no less difficult than that of the other arts and yet, because he can read and write a letter, there is a notion that any one can write well enough to write a book.
写作的技巧不比其他的任何艺术简单,但是有这么一种说法,只要一个人会写信会读信,那他就有足够的水平来写书。
⑦no more than=only
All his education added up to no more than one year.
⑧no more......than=not any more......than 与.....一样不
But his primary task is not to think about the moral code which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business.
翻译点评:
which governs his activity为非限定性定语从句,起到补充说明的作用。在这里,which指代的是the moral code。我们看一下,这个定语从句可以前置。the moral code, which governs his activity就表示“约束其行为的道德准则”。补充一下,code表示“准则”;not... any more than比较结构“两者都不”;dedicate to“奉献,致力于”。
译文:但是,普通科学家的首要任务不是思考约束其行为的道德准则,正如人们不会期望商人致力于商业行为准则的探索一样。
⑨more than+名词 不仅,不止,不只是,而不是
They may teach very well and more than earn their salaries, but most of them make
little or no independent reflections on human problems which involve moral judgment. 他们可以教得很好,而且不仅仅是为了挣薪水。但他们大多数人却很少或没有对需要进行道德判断的、人的问题进行独立思考。
more than+形、副、动“格外”“及其”“远远”“不只是”
You must be more than careful in performing this operation.
作文
小作文一般是应用文,要求:100字,满分10分,考场建议时间:20分钟,目标得分:8分钟
大作文以图画题为主,早年考过图表文章,提纲作文,背景作文以及开放式作文
要求:160~200字,满分14分,目标得分20分,考场建议时间:40分钟
解读评分原则(以大作文为例)
奖励分(3分)+基准分(17分)
一、书写字体:工整,不大不小
二、标记规范:World Trade Oranization(WTO)
三、标点
省略号……
顿号(英语中无顿号)
书名:首字母大写
惊叹号和问号
四、修改
反对修改内容
正确修改,划掉重写或者补充
严禁使用修改工具
基准分的考察
一、内容
有话可说,无话可说真难受,万能理由,相关即可,自圆其说
避免跑题,方法:内容趋同最保险,先字后图
万能话题的选择,一例多用,万能例子
常考话题
1、成功品质(03、04、07、08、12、13年)
2、环保类(99、00、11年)
3、爱心和社会道德(01、05、11年)
4、文化交流(02、10年)
5、科技与传播(98、09年)
6、偶像崇拜(06年)
7、健康话题(身心健康、宠物)
8、学校话题(课程、教师、生活、就业)
二、形式
1、谚语和典故 来源:日常积累,谚语是可以编的,如何去编?
具体的问题抽象化,例如白猫黑猫,抓住老鼠的就是好猫——结果最重要,Ends justify means
抽象的问题具体化,例如劳逸结合,All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy
写作中经常的表达:正如一句古老的中国谚语所言
Just as an old Chinese proverb says,……
2、修辞
比喻:找到形容词常修饰的名词,将它们置于as,as之间
as busy as a bee
3、语言的准确和地道
互译法
新概念英语二中的长难句:分析句子的结构,翻译中文,参考译文;再将中文句子翻译成英文,与原来的英语对比,修改自己翻译的英文,最后大声朗读原来的英文
4、复杂的句式
如何将简单的句子写复杂?
1、加形容词和副词
2、加同位语
3、加介词短语作时间、地点状语
(万能状语) In China,the most booming and flourishing economy in the world and a nation with huge population striving to assert itself after decades development
4、加非限定性定语从句修饰前面的句子
,which left us a deep impression
5、将两个句子写成一个句子
当两个句子主语相同时,去掉一个主语,动词作相应的变化,写成一个句子
当两个句子主语不同时,保留主语,动词也作相应的变化,写成一个句子,可以加上with
6、词汇的多样性
(1)简单词复杂化的方法
of + n.=adj.
I have read a book of great value
the +adj.=n.
the poor,the beautiful,the old
n.+and the like
……和他的同类(作为从一个到多个的推广方法,议论文常用)表达陌生的词汇
so called +n.所谓的
(2)五大恶心词汇
important significant,necessary,essential,urgent,of importance
very 替换very的方法:将adj的同义词变为adv.即相当于very
different various,a variety of,vary from person to person
think
thing matter of dispute,issue,sorry state of affairs
(3)词汇的有效替换
上义词和下义词的转换
上下义词:是指某个词的词义包含在另一个词的词义之中
同近义词
the honesty,this merit,being reliable,the credibility,the virtue of being truthfulness
the attitude of sincerity,the raliability and trustworthiness
我们不常用的代词
one,counterpart
五大经典句型
1、倒装
完全倒装 主、系、表
系动词:be、come、go、climb、walk、run、lie、sit、kneel、bent、fly、float、stand、crouch
In the sunshine stands a young tree.
部分倒装
否定副词(状语)置于句首,be动词,助动词,情态动词提到主语前
All would be well were the reason the only judge in this decate
2、虚拟语气
句型一、是时候做……事情了
with the situation being so serious,its high time that we took some effective measures to tackle this problem
句型二、必须做……
Its imperative time that corresponding laws and regulations should be introduced and enforced to harness and curb this urgent problem
3、As引导的状语从句
Girl as she is, she sings like a man
4、状语从句的省略
When in Rome,do as Romans do
5、rather than 和 other than
rather than 而不是,肯前否后,万能插入语
other than除了
No one,other than I,is the best teacher
作文三段论分别的要求:
第一段:描述图画(Describe)
第二段:阐释含义(Interpret)
第三段:评论、举例(Comment、Example)
第一段 第一句:万能开头句
第二句:图画描绘句
第三句:总结句
第一段的写作方法:
报纸上有一张图画引起人们广泛的支持
There has been a heated discussion about a picture in the newspaper、Cartoon、photograph、Magazine、journal on Sina Weibo, the most influential
social in China witness.
The 2017 witnessed the most serious terrorist attack in American history.
The past decade has witnessed a huge development in economy owing to
the reform and opening-up policy being carried out, bringing some problems
at the same time,with the following one being the foremost.
描述图画 先解读,再描述
As is shown above +对于图画的描述
一幅画只用一句话 三步图画描述法
Step1:写明中心事物所在的位置(用完全倒装来表述)
PS:1、在名词前可以加形容词作修饰
2、可以多个位置并列做表语
3、系动词注意单复数
4、可用的万能位置
in the middle of the picture in the sunshine、darknes
5、常见的人的表达
老年人:the old、 Senior citizen 年轻人:the young、youngster、teenager、man
6、对于陌生的事情可以用上下义词替换
Step2:对中心事情的状态或动作进行描述
(使用非谓语动词或非限定性定语从句进行描述)
As is shown above, in the sunshine stands a pretty American girl,who is in the
Chinese traditional costume, wearing necklace and its like,with a sweet smile on
her face.
PS:可以多个非谓语动词并列,还可以和非限定从句并列
Step3:描述周围事物的动作或状态(用独立主格来完成)
PS:如果周围没事物,找出一个独立主语(中心事情)
对于配图文字的处理:
单独成句 a.用谚语代替 b.直接翻译
......,with a line going like this:cultural hot pot-delicious and nutritions
第三句:总结句
生命不息,奋斗不止
Aspire to inspire until I expire.
尽管图画很简单,寓意却非常深刻
Simple as the picture is,the meaning behind it is as deep as ocean.
报纸上有一张图画引起人们的广泛关注
There has been a heated discussion about a picture in the newspaper.
第二段 写作策略:
段落展开的方法
1.科学论据法(积累组织、机构)
2.举例法
3.虚拟语气法
根据一项调查表明......
1......,suggests a survey
2.According to a survey......
3.According to one of the latest surveys conducted by a certain international organization......
例举数字
Money spent on sth. is as much as......
Money spent on sth. has reached as much as......
Money earned、collected、raised is as much as......
举例法
1.......,for example、instance,......
2、个人信息
Donald John Trump ,US President , the excellent embodiment of American dream,who went through unusual growth history , achieved his own glorious
accomplishment and gained far-ranging support , perfectly exemplifies the
characteristic demondtrated above------independence, I argue.
3、take sb. for instance
Take sb. for instance,its 主题 that helps sb. achieve his glorious personal accomplishment.
虚拟语气法(强调论点)
If there were no reform and opening-up policy, we would never taste the
McDonalds or the KFC.
第三段的写作策略
评论 1.正面话题 2.负面话题
第一句:取其菁华,祛其糟粕
第二句:如何面对
第三句:展望未来
Its imperative that the essence be absorbed and the drawbacks be neglected
In view of the complexity of such an issue,we must treat it socially,economically
and culturally.
Only in a reasonable , prosperous and healthy atmosphere can we hope to
witness the ideal scene in which people can enjoy their life to the uttermost.
负面话题
专家学者想办法
In the issue,researchers,scholars,and experts are expected to work out up-to-date solutions to sth.
大众提高意识
For another thing,the general public is supposed to enhance their awareness
展望未来
也可以使用正面话题的句子,也可以使用总结句
With a proper law and an alert public,it will only be a matter of time before the
problem becomes things of the past.
伴随着一个恰当的法律和警觉的民众,这个问题迟早可以被解决
写作指导
1.being=seeming=remaining
2.可以使用指示性的词表达主体词(陌生主体词)
代词 such,one,the one , mentioned above
同时多用指示性的词,以增加句子间的关联性
3.举例的时候可以只举例不展开
对于模板的反思和救赎
重新搭建文章结构
第一段结构的重新搭建
第一句:图画描述句
As is shown above,
第二句:万能开头句(图画描述不充分时)
There has been a heated discussion about this picture in the newspaper recently.
注意句子间的关联
第三句:总结句
第一段:引入
第二段:论述
第三段:呼应
重新搭建第二段的结构
第一句:提出观点(主题很重要,主题很有害)
第二句:强调观点 (换个表达)
第三句:表明公众态度(重视,不重视)
第四句:强调态度
第五句:句群,展开(平行展开法、举例法、科学论证)
最后一句:结尾句 虚拟语气法
第二段的第一句
The picture tells us that nothing can be compared with
The picture does reveal that 有害主题 is not only harmful but also damaging
第二句
The past decade has witnessed many great changes in China,with the above one being the most far-reaching
In no country other than China,it has been said,is this phenomenon more obvious.
第三句
Whats more,the public fails to attach due attention to有害
Whats more,the public attaches due attention to 重要主题
第四句 科学论据法的扩展(媒体)
China Daily interviewed four people from four professions------a surgeon,a lawyer,a
civil serant, and a steel worker.
The survey discovers that all of them are of the idea 主题
According to a survey conducted by China Academy of Science(CAS)+结论
定语从句和比较级的组合
Those who +动词 are more likely to 动词,compared with those who do not
对于平行展开法的提升
1.more than对肯定进行强调
这不只是一个挑战 This is more than a challenge
The World Wide Web is more than a form to get up-to-date concrete and accurate
and vivid information,but an instructive mode of entertainment as well
2.far from being否定强调
It is far from being a challenge.
China is still far from being a world economic leading nation.
3.Contrary to......
Contrary to a popular assumption,China is still far from being a world economic leading nation.
Contrary to a common belief,with our sustainable development facing many drastic threats,environmental preservation should have priority over economic growth.
4.双重否定
It is not unrealistic to promote more job satisfaction in any job
These days,it is not common that many graduates will elect being a civil servant as their top choice when hunting a job for many clear advantages(e.g.,secured position,stable income or better social welfare)
Not surprisingly,students who are under constant stress in their studies may suffer
from psychological problems or even commit crimes
5.Anything but:对于否定的强调
nothing but:对于肯定的强调
6.be 被替换
has been well received as
be well considered as
be well seen as
be well deemed as
be well regarded as
7.Not the least(最高级)
Not the least of the factors that make for success in any field of endeavor is......
8.并列动词的使用
Physical exercise can shield us from damaging effects brought by sedentary lifestyle(宅男宅女),and stressful working conditions and prevent us from collapsing in front of a screen every night.
9.连接三个以上的动词
Do A,doing B and thus doing C
10.not only......but also连接动词
11.连接三个以上名词的方法
Not only A,but also B,and such benefits(problems)as C and D.
The world will be changing constantly in terms of technology and the internet is
the key to all the knowledge and information available in the world
13.Admittedly......Nevertheless......
Admittedly ,as a source of entertainment,advertisements are very popular among children. Nevertheless ,they may give young viewer some misleading impression. 14.While/Whereas
15.even though (作为插入语,放在主谓之间,制造隔离)
16.something is not restricted to ....,but is also evident among ....
something 不仅局限于...,在....方面也很明显” The benefits of being independent are not restricted to improving one’s academic performance,but are also evident among promoting one’s energy,enthusiasm and charm.
17.be it....or .... 无论是...还是....
Traveling can not only enhance your understanding of different customs but also rid of many damaging effects brought by sedentary lifestyle,be it physical diseases or lack of mental courage.
18.状语结尾
Time should be cherished by everyone,especially in the times of knowledge explosion.
Traffic and pollution from vehicles have become huge problems,both in cities and on motorways.
19.状语前置
To do this ,By doing so , In many ways, In some cases, Obviously, Fortunately, Surely, Specifically(具体的讲),undeniably (不可否认)
20.进一步解释
Put it another way,(换句话说)=In other words, ,that is to say, ....which means... ....which suggests that.... ,with the underlying assumption that.... = which means...
第三段:举例的写法
1.如果题干要求举例就一定要举例
2.可以只举例不展开,也可以举例+评论
Numerous cases exist to illustrate this point
Take sb. for example, but for 主题,sb. could not have done sth, let alone doing sth.
Take sb. for example,without 主题,how can sb.do sth.
第一段:引入——图表——现象
第二段:论述——因果论述
第三段:呼应——正面,负面
第一段:写作策略
第一句:万能开头句,点出图表来源
chart given by a certain company given by a certain organization
第二句:图表描述句
柱状图:bar chart
饼状图:pie chart
线性图:line chart
常用表述方法:
A makes up 35%
52% stands for B
9% refers to C
6% is defined as D
动态图、静态图
关注单复数问题
学会抓住主要矛盾
先解读,后描述
The total......is divided into four parts,with A and B making up 23% totally
The total......is divided into four parts,with A and B making up 20% and 3% respectively
小作文(应用文的写作策略)
题型:书信,告示
注意事项:1.题干信息点表达完整、覆盖到
2.书信通常分为三段,告示一段也可以
3.格式
称呼:当题干有要求时,明确对象时,按题干要求写
Dear Sir or Madam
正文:空格
署名:按题干要求
分类讲解
一、投诉信,建议信
二、道歉信,辞职信
三、求职信,推荐信
1.《考研英语写作高分攻略》
何凯文 中国时代经济出版社
2.《考研英语写作高分突破》(热点话题80篇)黄皮书
曾鸣、张剑、廖婧芸 世界图书出版社
